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The ‘ping’ command is used to troubleshoot and diagnose network connectivity issues. It is used to check whether the host is reachable. It’s available on all the Operating Systems. ‘ping’ reports the round-trip time for the messages sent from the source to the destination.

How Does ‘ping’ Work?

                                                                           Fig: Ping Packets 

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Ubuntu Server has taken data centers around the world by storm. Whether you’re deploying Ubuntu for a large-scale project or for a small office, it is a stable, customizable, and powerful Linux distribution with innovative and cutting-edge features.

Ubuntu is a fantastic platform on which to build your servers — Jay LaCroix

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This is the tutorial I wish I had around some years ago when I first tried to learn how to use Vim. If you’re just beginning to know this amazing text editor, please keep reading; I am writing this tutorial right for you!

Whether you prefer to code in a simple steps editor or in a full-fledged IDE, the fact remains that a console-based text mode editor can be an invaluable tool for many purposes, from coding to remote system administration. VIM (Vi IMproved) is the most common version of a classic UNIX text editor named vi, which is currently available on almost any platform. It’s one of the most useful and complex console tools you can find, and also one you can make use right away, no matter what you do for a living (everyone needs to write something, right?).

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I use a shell every day. Almost always, I want to repeat a previous command, or repeat it after a slight modification. A very convenient way is to use arrow-up to get the most recent command back. Another common trick is to type ctrl-R and incrementally search for a previously used command. However, there are two other tricks for repeating previous commands that I use all the time, which are not as well known.

Escape-Dot (or !$)

Often, you want to repeat only the last argument of the previous command. For example, suppose you want to run git diff path/to/tests, and then git add path/to/tests. For the second command, you can type git add escape-dot (escape followed by a period), and it gets expanded to path/to/tests (the last argument of the previous command).

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